Sounding the whistle on racial discrimination cut short my career - Burrell
Burrell: 'I really hoped to carry on my rugby career'
Important note: This article includes details of discriminatory language and conduct
Ex-England player Luther Burrell claims that speaking out to reveal racism in professional rugby led his career to an early conclusion.
In a 2022 interview, Burrell characterized racism as being "rife" in the sport, showing Whatsapp messages and remembering training ground "comments" he had been subject to while representing Newcastle.
Then 34 and without a team, Burrell's only elite playing since has been a handful of games with guest team the Barbarians.
"I have absolutely had to end my career because of what happened," he told reporters.
"I wanted to continue competing, naturally I did. I pursued that, and it collapsed when news came out that there were inquiries underway.
"That was difficult - I had to just accept the fate and understand that this whole process is a lot bigger than me."
A rugby governing body investigation in April 2023 found Burrell's claims were accurate "likely correct", but stated it could not gather sufficient evidence to definitively say they happened at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell played in all of England's international games in 2014 and 2015, but was controversially excluded for their team for the 2015 tournament
Burrell told media he also encountered discrimination within the England set-up, during a Test career that saw him earn 15 appearances after his first game in 2014.
"I've had multiple distressing experiences within the national team," he said.
"Some discrimination and other just outdated thinking that's really inappropriate."
Racism had become normalised in dressing rooms, in Burrell's experience.
"This is something that has been dressed up as banter and that's been the problem that I've myself suffered and seen," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican heritage.
"During a period of time you just begin to believe that it's the standard and that is fine and that it's not malicious, but that's nonsense."
Burrell says he was finally motivated to go public after a team-mate at Newcastle referred to him as a "slave" and told him to put sunscreen on his wrists and ankles "where your shackles were."
The governing body said Burrell's disclosures had led to "increased scrutiny at the culture within the elite game and to the implementation of an action plan for the elite level."
"We has placed significant focus on inclusion and diversity in rugby union and a great deal of work completed both prior and since Luther Burrell spoke publicly and revealed his experiences of racism and classism," it added.
"We are continuing work with clubs and partners in the professional game to strive for a culture of inclusivity but acknowledge this requires patience and is an continuous effort."
Every Prem and PWR club now has face-to-face education on building welcoming cultures, with its effectiveness monitored via specific documentation and surveys.
All England athletes, including age-grade squads, are educated in being "engaged observers" to step in and defend others from harmful behaviour.
"You should be so pleased of what you have accomplished," Burrell's mother Joyce told him as part of the documentary about his experiences.
"We know it has had this impact on you and ended your career, but in our eyes, you have done so well. We are so impressed of you and to have you as a family member."
Burrell's dad Geoff passed away soon after the filming of the documentary, and his sibling passed away earlier this year.
Burrell, who grew up on a council estate in Huddersfield, continues his work to make the game more open.
His charitable organization aims to connect with children in disadvantaged communities and help them succeed on and off the field with free sports training, guidance and dietary education.
"My intentions are genuine, I want to see the evolution of the sport and if nobody else is willing to tell their story then I'll continue to advocate for that cause because I'm not just doing this for myself," he said.
"Everyone involved have an responsibility to make the sport as great as it can be and the more I speak about it hopefully the more confident fellow players will become about sharing their own experiences as well.
"I need to grab the challenge by the horns and continue carrying this banner and continue supporting this weight and accomplish what I can to develop possibilities and make the sport more appealing and more welcoming.
"There's a lot of underprivileged children and a lot of poverty and I honestly think that rugby has the ability to change their lives, just as it transformed things for me."
Burrell scored for the Barbarians on a return to former club Northampton in late 2022